If you’ve been diagnosed with COPD, inhalers are probably part of your daily routine. They’re the first line of defense against breathlessness, wheeze and flare‑ups. Knowing which inhaler does what and how to squeeze the most out of each puff can make a big difference in how you feel day to day.
Common Types of COPD Inhalers
There are three main families you’ll see on the pharmacy shelf:
Short‑acting bronchodilators (SABAs) – usually albuterol or levalbuterol. They open the airways fast, so keep one handy for sudden shortness of breath.
Long‑acting bronchodilators (LABAs) – drugs like salmeterol or formoterol. They work slower but keep your lungs open for 12‑24 hours, often taken twice a day.
Inhaled steroids (ICS) and combination inhalers – steroids reduce inflammation, while combos mix a steroid with a LABA (e.g., fluticasone/salmeterol). They’re for steady control and cutting down flare‑up risk.
Some devices use a metered‑dose spray (MDI), others a dry‑powder inhaler (DPI). MDIs need a spacer if you have trouble coordinating breath and puff; DPIs need a forceful, steady inhale.
How to Use Your Inhaler Correctly
Even the best medicine won’t help if you don’t use it right. Follow these steps for a typical MDI:
Shake the inhaler for a few seconds.
Exhale fully, away from the mouthpiece.
Put the mouthpiece in your mouth, close lips tightly.
Press down on the canister while beginning a slow, steady inhale.
Hold your breath for about 10 seconds, then breathe out gently.
Wait about a minute before the next puff if you need more than one.
If you use a DPI, skip the shaking step and focus on a quick, deep breath through the device. Always check the dose counter – many inhalers show how many puffs are left.
Common mistakes include forgetting to shake an MDI, inhaling too fast with a DPI, or not using a spacer when needed. Bad technique can waste medication and leave you feeling worse.
Cleaning your inhaler once a week helps prevent blockages. Rinse the mouthpiece with warm water, let it air‑dry, and replace the spacer or mouthpiece as the manufacturer suggests.
When you get a new prescription, ask your pharmacist to demonstrate the correct technique. A quick check before you leave the pharmacy can save you trips back later.
Lastly, keep a short‑acting inhaler on hand at all times – in your bag, car or even at work. If you notice your symptoms getting worse despite regular use, that’s a sign to call your doctor. It might be time to adjust the dose or add a new medication.
Understanding the basics of COPD inhalers, picking the right type and mastering the technique can help you stay active and breathe easier. Keep this guide handy, and don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare team for advice tailored to your situation.
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